Audit Strategy Report for Solid Bank Plc Research Proposal

Audit Strategy Report for Solid Bank Plc - Research Proposal Example The objective of this audit is to assess the risks to the Bank given the current economic environment in UK & the performance of the Bank and report to the board of directors. This audit strategy is first hand presentation and may be subject to change/modifications if deemed necessary during the audit process (proposed in accordance with the guidelines of ISA 300). This plan & all subsequent changes shall be documented & shared with all members of the customer charged with governance & management. The focus of the audit shall be on the following: (c) Identification of Bank Account statements, operating expenses & income, profit before & after tax, assets & liabilities held by the bank, share holder's equity, cash flows & equivalents, loans & advances to the customers, Collaterals, non-performing assets, and any other area that may be identified during the audit process. (d) The audit shall be carried out in full on all the accounting statements and balance sheets. Parts of the statements shall be sampled to assess compliance to internal & regulatory procedures. If non-compliances are evident then the sample sizes shall be increased at the relevant areas. (e) The Risk Management System of the Bank shall be assessed and the identified risks shall be analyzed with respect to the threats & vulnerabilities (exposures) and criticality at which the risks are logged. The risk management of material misstatements in the accounting statements shall be a part of this assessment in accordance with ISA 315. Further to this, the mitigation actions (planned as well as accomplished) against identified risks shall be assessed for their effectiveness in reducing the risk values. Wherever the controls & mitigation actions are perceived by auditors to be insufficient, the auditors shall enhance the audit scope & procedures & determine the overall responses to address the risks of material misstatement in accounting statements. The nature, timing & extent of further audit procedures shall be determined & communicated to the board of directors (ISA 330). (f) The underlying technology infrastructure maintaining the samples selected for audit shall be assessed from the perspective of access control, assignment & control of roles & privileges, cryptography or other controls used, activity logging, systems monitoring, data protection procedures (like backups, recovery testing, data consistency tests,

Health Care Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Health Care Economics - Essay Example However, with advances in technology scientists came out with the discovery of solar panels. Solar panels are just a one-time investment and once set up they’ll provide free electricity for their entire life. What simply happens is that the solar panels take up energy from sun rays and convert that energy to provide electrical power. This simple example goes on to show how technology has brought down the cost of various products. Health care has been one of the most important issues of the current time. With the ever increasing health care costs, people from all walks of life have been complaining they cannot afford proper treatment. Workers in America have so hardly been hit by the high health insurance premium payments that they often forego getting a recommended checkup rather than paying huge sums of out of pocket money. So why it is that business technology saves a lot on costs but when it comes to healthcare, new technology drives up costs? There are a lot of reasons to this and we’ll look at each in turn. Firstly, we’ll focus on simple demand and supply factors. The demand for health care has increased over the years as worldwide population increases exponentially. However the supply side hasn’t moved at the same pace as there are a limited number of medical technology producers. The demand supply gap is one of the main reasons why healthcare costs have gone up. Another important reason why health care technology has increased health care costs is that medicinal technology is different than other forms of technological improvements. When a new medicinal technology is launched in the hospital market, a new progress towards diagnosis of a disease or its treatment is made. However in other fields, technological innovation is just a continuation of a previous product to make it better. Such an innovation’s primary objective generally is to achieve an increase in the product’s efficiency and therefore reduce its overa ll cost. However when it comes to medicinal technology, a new purpose is accomplished every time a technological advancement is made and so the investment and the return (payback) process starts from the beginning every time. To recover such investments, patients have to be charged high so at least the hospitals breakup if they don’t make a profit. This is one of the main reason why patients end up paying high medicine bills as the recovery cost of technological improvements is ultimately passed on to the final consumers. Health care technology requires a lot of research. The major chunk of expenditure that’s made by pharmaceutical and health care equipment companies is on research and development of new products and technologies. These figures are often so significant that they take up to seventy percent of a company’s annual budget! It’s pretty obvious now that when such companies will develop their products, they’ll have real high costs attached to them. The latest machines for chemo therapy and drugs to contain cancer have very high costs associated with them. These high costs simply reflect the amount spent on research and development towards the innovation of these drugs and machineries. Whether a particular technology will reduce or increase the amount spent on healthcare will depend upon several critical factors. One of such

Distributors Essay Example for Free

Distributors Essay Manufacturers use a number of alternative intermediaries to make their products available to their target customers effectively and efficiently. These intermediaries share the different marketing activities with the manufacturers. Distributors are very popular intermediaries both in consumer marketing and business to business marketing. The three commonly used distribution strategies by manufacturers are exclusive distribution, selective distribution and intensive distribution. In exclusive distribution the distributors are given sole rights to distribute the company products in a given geographic area. This type of distribution is favored when the products being marketed are exclusive, unique or prestigious. In intensive distribution the company sells its products through a large number of distributors and dealers to reach maximum number of consumers in the target segments. It is favored by companies that operate in intensively competitive sectors like the FMCG markets. In selective distribution companies use very few distributions to sell their products in a given geographical area. Of late manufacturers are constantly tempted to shift from an exclusive or selective distribution strategy to a more intensive distribution strategy to reach more number of potential customers for their unique, exclusive and prestigious products. However though this shift may help the manufacturer to increase the sales in the short run it will have a major impact on long term results. Because of this shift the product will loose its uniqueness, exclusivity and prestige of possession and the potential target customer may shift to more exclusive brands offered by the competitor. The company may also loose the loyalty and support of its existing distributors in marketing and service activities. The customers may also refuse to pay a higher price once the exclusivity is lost thus impacting the financial performance of the company in the long run.

Media Coverage of the China-Tibet Talks Essay -- Communications Politi

Media Coverage of the China-Tibet Talks For the past several decades, China has been trying to take over Tibet. During this conflict, the leaders of these two nations have been communicating with each other. Overall, talks have not been very successful, for conflicts still exist. The coverage of their communications by the media has been mixed. The level of objectivity and quality of content are not consistent. For detailed and unbiased information about China-Tibet talks, long articles from focused writers are better than reports from magazines and newspapers, which cover a wide range of news. While covering ongoing communications between China and Tibet, reporters for Newsweek in the U.S. are supposed to be as objective as possible. However, by reading the articles and reports that Newsweek present on this topic, it appears that the work is not as objective and complete as it should be. In one issue of the publication, a lengthy report about China took up a fair amount of space. One section, by Melinda Liu, relates to talks between China and Tibet, and how the U.S. acts as an intermediary contact. At first, the article talks about President Jiang Zemin and his attempts to make good relations with Tibet. The article begins, â€Å" When he visited the United States last year, President Jiang Zemin dismayed some of his own supporters with his clumsy handling of the Tibet issue† (Liu 39). Later on in the introduction, Liu says, â€Å" He compared the Chinese Army’s ‘emancipation’ of the serfs to Abraham Lincoln's abolition of slavery† (39). The rest of the article continues to bring up facts that build up against Jiang. Liu goes on to say, â€Å" As for Tibet, Jiang claims to have had ‘good relation s’ with the late Panchen Lama† (39). N... ...bias introduced since all the facts are laid out for them. Future coverage of the conflict will most likely continue in the same fashion it has been going on over the decades. Incorrect analyses will continue to occur. Nevertheless, by looking at all the reports that have been written, it appears that it will take a long time for Tibet and China to resolve their issues. Works Cited Grunfeld, A. Tom. The Making of Modern Tibet. London: Zed Books, 1987. Karmel, Solomon M. â€Å" Ethnic Tension and the Struggle for Order: China’s Policies in Tibet.† Pacific Affairs 68 (1995): 485-508. Online. JSTOR. 21 March 2005. Liu, Melinda. â€Å" Talking Past Each Other.† Newsweek 29 Jun. 1998: 39. Mirsky, Jonathan. â€Å" Beijing rules the mountains.† The Spectator 281 (1998): 24-25. Online. ProQuest. 21 March 2005. Snyder, Lisa. â€Å" China Ties.† Newsweek 20 Jul. 1998: 17.

Being Rebellious Gains Nothing: Romeo and Juliet Essay

In Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare, there are occurrences that cause the two lovers to rebel against various things which can prove disastrous in the end. Romeo and Juliet is a play where two lovers are caught in the middle of family feuds and even though they have to sneak around, they will stop at nothing to be together. They both go against basic rules that are set by their families, the law, and their own judgment. They will do anything to be together and do not realize the consequences of their actions. Although Romeo and Juliet believe they should do whatever they have to do in order to be together, their rebellion against family, laws and rules, and personal judgment proves foolish in the end because it causes their tragic deaths. Throughout their lives, Romeo and Juliet have been controlled by their families and in order to be together, they end up rebelling against their families wishes which contributes to their deaths. Juliet’s parents only want what is best for her. While they want her to get married to a nice man, she wants no part in the marriage because she wants to be with Romeo. Her parents do not know that she wants to be with Romeo; all they know is that she is being obstinate about marrying the nice man they have picked for her. Juliet says, â€Å"He shall not make me there a joyful bride! †(3. 5. 122). She is talking to her parents about how she refuses to get married to Paris, the man they want her to marry, but she will not tell them why all she says is that she does not want to be married. Once her father hears this, he is beyond furious and tells Juliet that if she does not agree to get married he will kick her out and even if she is homeless on the streets he will just walk past her. Even after her father says this, Juliet is still persistent about being with Romeo when she says, â€Å"I’ll to the Friar to know his remedy/ if all else fail, myself have power to die† (3. 5. 254-255). She would rather die to be with Romeo and give up everything she has ever had in her life, than just go along with her parents’ wishes. Juliet betrays her parents when she fakes her own death, and she does all of this because she wants to run away with Romeo. If Juliet had not of rebelled against her families’ wishes, she would have most likely been married to Paris, not dead. Romeo and Juliet are willing to do anything to be together, even though in the end some of the choices made to rebel against the law cause their tragic deaths. The Capulet and Montague families are continually involved in fights and recently the Prince told them if they were even in another fight, whoever is involved will be killed. After this proposition is made, Tybalt starts a fight where Romeo ends up killing Tybalt. This fight violates the Prince’s rule and Romeo did not want to kill family even though he could not tell anyone he was family. The Prince’s rule is clearly stated when he says, â€Å"Three civil brawls bred of an airy word/ by thee, old Capulet, and Montague,/†¦if ever you disturb out streets again, your lives shall pay the forfeit of the peace†( 1. 1. 91-99). Over the past weeks there have been three fights between the Montagues and Capulets and the Prince says whoever is in the next fight will pay; Romeo is ironically trying to stop a fight because of the rule and ends up breaking the law and betraying Juliet by killing a member of her family. Killing Tybalt not only breaks the law, but also means that he will be on the run and unable to see Juliet. Romeo goes on the run because Benvolio says, â€Å"Romeo, away, begone! / the citizens are up, and Tybalt slain/ stand not amazed. The Prince will doom thee death/ if thou art taken. Hence, be gone, away†(3. 1. 138-141). Benvolio is single handedly telling his friend to break the law and flee the scene, which just encourages Romeo to sneak around and see Juliet. No one wants Romeo to get hurt or get in trouble because he is just trying to break up a fight, but what no one knows is that if he is on the run he cannot see Juliet either. Because of Romeo being banished, he can no longer see Juliet unless they sneak around, lie, and try to run away; if they had followed the rules in the first place they might not have been in this debacle. Romeo and Juliet thought they were in love and would do anything to be together; ultimately trying to be together leads to their unfortunate deaths. The biggest thing Romeo and Juliet rebel against, which leads to their deaths, is their own judgment. They both know in their minds that what they are doing is not right, but the feeling of love, true or not, overrides their personal judgment. Romeo and Juliet make comments on how rash and quick their decisions are, but often contradict themselves later. They know the risks of their relationship, but they think they are in love and nothing can stop them. Romeo says, â€Å"Then love-devouring death do what he dare,/ it is enough I may but call her mine†2. 6. 7-8, but Friar Lawrence replies, â€Å"these violent delights have violent ends†(2. 6. 9). Romeo does not care what happens to him and even though he knows in the back of his mind the results will probably not be good he still just wants Juliet. All he cares about is making Juliet his no matter what the costs are or no matter what he thinks. Even though Friar Lawrence says this ambition to make Juliet his may have a terrible end, Romeo does not care at all. He does not care what happens and his carelessness may have ended up killing him and Juliet. Juliet is the same as Romeo and does not listen to herself. She says, â€Å"It is too rash, too unadvised, too sudden†2. 2. 125 but several lines later, Juliet says, â€Å"if that thy bend of love be honourable/ thy purpose marriage, send me word to-morrow† (2. . 151-152). She knows that she does not want or need to get married, yet somehow Romeo convinces Juliet that they need each other with his poetic way of speaking and even though she clearly knows this is an immediate and unreasonable decision she still says she will marry him. In the back of their minds they know what is right, but choose to do what they want to do instead. Throughout their relationship, Romeo and Juliet make many quick decisions that go against their personal judgment and most likely cause their terrible deaths. Romeo and Juliet rebel against many things in their relationship that include families, laws and rules, and personal judgment which cause their deaths. Even though Romeo and Juliet are kids and may have actually been in love, they made poor decisions regarding how to deal with their relationship. Juliet completely rebelled against her parents’ wishes of her getting married to Paris and would rather die than marry Paris. Romeo and his friends ignore and blatantly disregard laws and rules put in place to keep order in their town. Finally, Romeo and Juliet both go against their own personal judgment; they both know what the right thing to do is, they just choose to do what they want. Romeo and Juliet both die stupidly in the end of the play all because they were trying to sneak around, rebel, and disregard other people and their wishes or rules. In the end of the play all it took for two teenagers to die is sneaking around and trying to rebel against others; so in the end, everyone knows what the right thing to do is whether they like it or not and not doing the right thing can cause even worse events to happen.

The Reconstruction Era after the Civil War - 558 Words

The Reconstruction Era The Reconstruction Era was looked upon with much optimism, considering that abolitionists and African Americans believed that this process would make it possible for them to achieve their goals. The project was generally meant to assist the South in reintegrating in the Union and in assisting African Americans to become equal to white individuals in the U.S. The Freedmen were apparently one of the main missions that the Reconstruction was designed for and it actually seemed that things would be much better for black people when considering the degree of discrimination that they suffered until that time. The end of the Civil War seemed to be a glorious time and African Americans were especially confident that things would change significantly when considering their position in the country. Lincolns experiments with providing slaves with land further reinforced their hopes and influenced them in considering that racism would no longer be a pressing problem under the circumstances. Individuals supporting the Reconstruction got actively engaged in helping any way that they could and they actually played an important role in helping society understand that it needed to refrain from discriminating African Americans. The eleven seceding states were believed to have learned an important lesson and everything seemed to be getting back to normal, with the principal exception being that African Americans had become equal to white people. In spite of theShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Reconstruction Era: The Planted Seeds1231 Words   |  5 PagesThe first roar of the Civil War ended with a last gasp for air. 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Finding Balance Howards End Argumentative Essay - 1495 Words

Throughout the novel Howards End, E.M. Forster presents readers with a multitude of extremes, ranging from femininity vs masculinity, passion vs practicality, and maturity vs immaturity. These extremes appear to be completely irreconcilable. However, upon a closer look, it becomes apparent that Forster’s main point in describing these extremes is to work to bring them together, uniting them in one middle ground, or finding balance and proportion. This is accomplished through the behavior and attitudes of three essential characters; Helen Schlegel, Margaret Wilcox nee Schlegel, and Henry Wilcox. Helen is a character who is the epitome of immaturity and passion. Throughout the novel, she is described as a flighty,†¦show more content†¦She learns that while passion is still important to one’s happiness, you should not let it dominate your life. At the end of the novel, Helen reveals this newly found middle ground by stating: â€Å"I mean a woman’s love for a man. I supposed I should hang my life onto that once, and was driven up and down and about as if something was worrying through me. But everything is peaceful now; I seem cured†¦I used to be so dreamy about a man’s love as a girl, and think that for good or evil love must be the great thing. But it hasn’t been; it has been itself a dream.† (287-8). In the end, Helen realizes all of the mistakes that she has made and that the cause for these mistakes was her immaturity and passion. She decides to lead a life of balance and proportion, living in a middle ground between passion and practicality. Margaret is the source of practicality and immaturity. She thinks before she acts in most cases, and understands that there are some things in the world that we have no control over. However, even though she is practical in this way, she still lacks any real maturity. She does not have any real life experience. In a conversation with Ruth Wilcox, Ruth states that she believes Margaret to be inexperienced, stating â€Å"Yes. You have got it. Inexperience is the word.† (62). Later on Margaret attempts to defend herself against this â€Å"inexperience† and immaturity, stating that she has been taking care of her hoe for years,Show MoreRelatedLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesarguments found in books on formal logic – forget, or underplay, how much of our daily reasoning is concerned not with arguments leading to truth-valued conclusions but with making choices, assessing reasons, seeking advice, etc. Dowden gets the balance and the emphasis right. 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